The Cooperative Yellow Fever Service was a collaborative effort of the Rockefeller Foundation and the Brazilian government. Fred Soper directed operations in Northeast Brazil after 1927.. Translation of Portuguese Poster: "TO ELIMINATE THE MOSQUITOS: We must attack the places where the larvae and pupae ("martellos" = hammers) develop. The breeding of minnows in the domestic water containers (pots and tanks) is the fastest way to eliminate the larvae of the mosquitoes. The minnows do not foul the water nor impair one's health. This measure, now being used here, has demonstrated its usefulness in other countries. The public can accept the measure without fear. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND WELFARE (OF PERNAMBUCO STATE)."
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