Countless papers, including the Winter 2017- 2018 report, of the Blue Ridge Academic Health Group (BRAHG) acknowledge that the promise of electronic health records (EHRs) has yet to be fully realized. While we are learning to use and optimize EHRs, we may be exposed to new hurdles and concerns such as clinician burnout due, in part, to the additional clerical burden associated with most EHRs. However, we need to think much broader than EHRs, as a true digital transformation is under way in health care that goes far beyond this tool. Today's health care professionals are bombarded by data from multiple sources--diagnostic, claims, financial, psychosocial, epidemiologic, biometric, genomic, consumer-generated--at ever-increasing rates. Each person is estimated to generate enough health data to fill 300 million books in a lifetime--equivalent to filling the Library of Congress nearly 20 times over. In fact, health care data is expected to double every 73 days through 2020. Even if all this data were clean and harmonized, its sheer quantity necessitates new tools to make sense of the ever-expanding data universe. This new requirement goes beyond big data analytics; it requires a fundamental shift in how we generate, curate, clean, and interpret data. Enter artificial intelligence (AI), which can be used to enable human "augmented intelligence." For definitions, see the Definitions sidebar. The purpose of this report is to clearly define artificial and augmented intelligence, explore its potential impact on health and health care, identify and react to challenges and risks associated with AI-based technologies in health care, and present a call to action for academic health systems (AHSs).
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