Hospitals reported improved preparedness for emerging infectious diseases after the Ebola outbreak
- Collection:
- Health Policy and Services Research
- Series Title(s):
- Report in brief
- Contributor(s):
- United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Inspector General. Office of Evaluation and Inspections, issuing body.
- Publication:
- [Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General, October 2018
- Language(s):
- English
- Format:
- Text
- Subject(s):
- Communicable Disease Control Disease Outbreaks -- prevention & control Disease Transmission, Infectious -- prevention & control Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola -- epidemiology Hospitals Civil Defense Emergency Medical Services Inservice Training Humans United States United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
- Genre(s):
- Technical Report
- Abstract:
- Why OIG Did This Review. HHS is the lead Federal agency responsible for medical support and coordination during public health emergencies. In 2014, the domestic outbreak of Ebola tested U.S. hospitals' ability to respond to a serious infectious disease. Very few hospitals received suspected or diagnosed cases of Ebola, but the disease's presence caused hospitals to assess and improve their preparedness for Ebola and other EIDs. HHS agencies took action to respond to the outbreak, including providing guidance to hospitals and revising requirements for hospital emergency preparedness. This study seeks to assess those efforts by describing the reflections of hospital administrators regarding the outbreak and the actions that hospitals have taken to improve readiness since 2014. This study builds on OIG's body of work in emergency preparedness, which includes a prior study of hospital responses to a natural disaster. How OIG Did This Review. We administered an online survey to a national sample of hospitals in early 2017. We selected a stratified sample of 410 hospitals that participate in Medicare and that have emergency departments. We received responses from 368 of the 410 hospitals (a 90-percent response rate) and projected those findings nationally. The survey included questions about hospital administrators' perceptions of preparedness in 2014 and 2017; actions taken to prepare; and challenges to sustaining preparedness for potential future EIDs. We analyzed some responses by whether hospitals served as Special Pathogen Centers, as designated by ASPR, and/or as Critical Access Hospitals, as designated by CMS. What OIG Found. Most hospitals in the United States were not prepared for the outbreak of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in 2014, with 71 percent of hospital administrators reporting that their facilities were unprepared to receive Ebola patients. By 2017, administrators from only 14 percent of hospitals reported their facilities were still unprepared for emerging infectious disease (EID) threats such as Ebola. Hospital actions to improve preparedness included updating emergency plans, training staff to care for patients with EIDs, purchasing additional supplies, and conducting EID-focused drills. Hospitals also used a wide range of resources provided by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Although most hospital administrators believe that their hospitals are ready to respond to a future EID threat, they cited challenges to maintaining that preparedness, given competing priorities for hospital resources and staff time. Administrators also cited the need to focus efforts on more common hazards, such as natural disasters, and cited difficulty in using government guidance to prepare for EIDs. We also found that administrators from one-third of hospitals did not know their hospital's role in a tiered hospital framework designed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to guide hospitals in receiving and treating cases of Ebola. What OIG Recommended and How the Agencies Responded. A future EID threat could require substantial management and resources by hospitals, other health care providers, and government at all levels, including HHS. To improve hospital preparedness and HHS assistance and oversight, we recommend that the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), CDC, and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) continue to support hospital preparedness for potential EIDs by coordinating guidance and providing practical advice for all hospitals. We also recommend that CDC clarify and promote the details and ongoing status of its tiered framework for hospitals, so that hospitals are clear regarding their responsibilities during an EID outbreak. Further, we recommend that CMS add EIDs to the definition of "all hazards" in the State Operations Manual to promote inclusion of EIDs in hospital emergency planning. ASPR, CDC, and CMS concurred with our recommendations.
- Copyright:
- The National Library of Medicine believes this item to be in the public domain. (More information)
- Extent:
- 1 online resource (1 PDF file (37 pages))
- Illustrations:
- Illustrations
- NLM Unique ID:
- 101738174 (See catalog record)
- Permanent Link:
- http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/101738174