This lecture was delivered on the first evening of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) meeting in Heidelberg, Germany, held November 4-7, 1972. The purpose of the meeting was to develop a research program for the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), which was to open in Heidelberg in 1974. In his lecture Crick proposed that EMBL commit itself to the study of gene action in higher, eukaryotic organisms, despite its complications. In contrast to much-studied bacteria and bacterial viruses, eukaryotic organisms have clearly defined cell nuclei, and their genetic material, an assembly of DNA and protein, is arranged on chromosomes.
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